Dynamic boundary conditions for membranes whose surface energy depends on the mean and Gaussian curvatures

Membranes are an important subject of study in physical chemistry and biology. They can be considered as material surfaces with a surface energy depending on the curvature tensor. Usually, mathematical models developed in the literature consider the dependence of surface energy only on mean curvature with an added linear term for Gauss curvature. Therefore, for closed surfaces the Gauss curvature term can be eliminated because of the Gauss-Bonnet theorem. In [18], the dependence on the mean and Gaussian curvatures was considered in statics. The authors derived the shape equation as well as two scalar boundary conditions on the contact line. In this paper-thanks to the principle of virtual working-the equations of motion and boundary conditions governing the fluid membranes subject to general dynamical bending are derived. We obtain the dynamic 'shape equa-tion' (equation for the membrane surface) and the dynamic conditions on the contact line generalizing the classical Young-Dupr{\'e} condition.Comment: Mathematics and Mechanics of Complex Systems, mdp, In pres

Hamilton's Principle and Rankine-Hugoniot Conditions for General Motions of Mixtures

In previous papers, we have presented hyperbolic governing equations and jump conditions for barotropic fluid mixtures. Now we extend our results to the most general case of two-fluid conservative mixtures taking into account the entropies of components. We obtain governing equations for each component of the medium. This is not a system of conservation laws. Nevertheless, using Hamilton's principle we are able to obtain a complete set of Rankine-Hugoniot conditions. In particular, for the gas dynamics they coincide with classical jump conditions of conservation of momentum and energy. For the two-fluid case, the jump relations do not involve the conservation of the total momentum and the total energy.Comment: Extended version of meccanica 34: 39-47, 199

Hyperbolic Models of Homogeneous Two-Fluid Mixtures

One derives the governing equations and the Rankine - Hugoniot conditions for a mixture of two miscible fluids using an extended form of Hamilton's principle of least action. The Lagrangian is constructed as the difference between the kinetic energy and a potential depending on the relative velocity of components. To obtain the governing equations and the jump conditions one uses two reference frames related with the Lagrangian coordinates of each component. Under some hypotheses on flow properties one proves the hyperbolicity of the governing system for small relative velocity of phases.Comment: 14 page

Bubble effect on Kelvin-Helmholtz' instability

We derive boundary conditions at interfaces (contact discontinuities) for a class of Lagrangian models describing, in particular, bubbly flows. We use these conditions to study Kelvin-Helmholtz' instability which develops in the flow of two superposed layers of a pure incompressible fluid and a fluid containing gas bubbles, co-flowing with different velocities. We show that the presence of bubbles in one layer stabilizes the flow in some intervals of wave lengths.Comment: 19 page

Geometric evolution of the Reynolds stress tensor

14 pagesInternational audienceThe dynamics of the Reynolds stress tensor for turbulent flows is described with an evolution equation coupling both geometric effects and turbulent source terms. The effects of the mean flow geometry are shown up when the source terms are neglected: the Reynolds stress tensor is then expressed as the sum of three tensor products of vector fields which are governed by a distorted gyroscopic equation. Along the mean flow trajectories, the fluctuations of velocity are described by differential equations whose coefficients depend only on the mean flow deformation. If the mean flow vorticity is small enough, an approximate turbulence model is derived, and its application to shear shallow water flows is proposed. Moreover, the approximate turbulence model admits a variational formulation which is similar to the one of capillary fluids

Dynamics of shock waves in elastic-plastic solids

Submitted in ESAIM ProcedingsThe Maxwell type elastic-plastic solids are characterized by decaying the absolute values of the principal components of the deviatoric part of the stress tensor during the plastic relaxation step. We propose a mathematical formulation of such a model which is compatible with the von Mises criterion of plasticity. Numerical examples show the ability of the model to deal with complex physical phenomena

Dissipative Two-Fluid Models

dedicated to Guy Boillat : 13 pagesInternational audienceFrom Hamilton's principle of stationary action, we derive governing equations of two-fluid mixtures and extend the model to the dissipative case without chemical reactions. For both conservative and dissipative cases, an algebraic identity connecting equations of momentum, mass, energy and entropy is obtained by extending the Gibbs identity in dynamics. The obtained system is hyperbolic for small relative velocity of the phases

Ecoulements turbulents des eaux peu profondes

Les équations de Saint-Venant des eaux peu profondes sans effet de tourbillon sont analogues aux équations de la dynamique des gaz avec une loi d'état polytropique. Lorsque le tourbillon est pris en compte, on en déduit des équations qui sont analogues aux écoulements turbulents des gaz avec une structure simplifiée des équations du mouvement. Cette structure correspond aux équations avec un tenseur des contraintes de Reynolds sans termes sources. Les équations d'évolution prennent en compte seulement les effets géométriques. Une structure mathématique simple de ces équations nous permet ainsi "l'intégration " des équations de Reynolds. Des lois de conservation non-usuelles nécessaires pour l'étude des sauts hydrauliques turbulents sont aussi déterminée